Madagasikara: Nanakorotantsaina ny fifanarahan-tany tamin'ny Koerana tatsimo.

Raha inoana ny nolazain'ny Financial Times dia hanofa ny atsasaky ny tany azo volena eto Madagasikara ny Koreana Tatsimo. Niteraka adihevitra teo amin'ny tontolom-bolongana malagasy mikasika ny fiandrianam-pirenena sy ny fampandrosoana ara-toe-karena izany. Mbola tsy mazava moa hatramin'izao hoe efa nosoniavin'ny roa tonta ve ny fifanarahana? Na izany aza dia efa ifandresen-dahatra eo amin'ny mpamaham-bolongana raha azo heverina ho karazana “fanjanahantany vaovao ^[1]” izao fifanarahana izao.

Toy izao ary aloha ny toe-java-misy.

Notaterin'ny Financial Times tamin'ny 19 novambra 2008 ny fifanarahana ^[2] teo amin'ny orinasa koreana tatsimo Daewoo Logistics ^[3] sy ny fitondram-panjakana malagasy.

Tao amin'ny bolongana Global Dashboard no namintinan’ ^[4]i Alex Evans izay hitany:

South Korea has just struck a 99 year deal with Madagascar to lease an area half the size of Belgium to grow palm oil and no less than half of South Korea’s corn demands [..] Carl Atkins, of consultants Bidwells Agribusiness, said Daewoo Logistics’ investment in Madagascar was the largest it had seen. “The project does not surprise me, as countries are looking to improve food security but its size it does surprise me.”

Ora vitsivitsy taty aoriana dia nampian'ny ^[5] Financial Times ny vaovao fa tsy misy hofany aloan'ny Daewoo logistics amin'izany fanofantany izany, fa ny hany ataony dia ny manamainty molaly ny tany sy ny mampiasa azy.

Nolazain'i Alex Evans, avy amin'ity lahatsoratra faharoa ity, fa hay ratsy dia ratsy noho izay noeritreretiny ^[6] ilay vaovao:

A few hours later, a truly astonishing new angle on the story emerged. Guess how much South Korea had paid for its 99 year lease? Answer: Zip. Zero. Nada. Not a cent. The sum total of the benefits for Madagascar, according to a Daewoo spokesman? “We will provide jobs for them by farming it, which is good for Madagascar.” This in a country where 3.5% of people are on WFP food aid…
The benefits for South Korea, on the other hand:
“We want to plant corn there to ensure our food security. Food can be a weapon in this world,” said Hong Jong-wan, a manager at Daewoo. “We can either export the harvests to other countries or ship them back to Korea in case of a food crisis.”

Mbola tsy namoaka fanambarana mikasika ity raharaha ity moa hatramin'izao ny governemanta Malagasy. Nolazain’ ^[7]ny Reuters fa mbola tsy vita ny fifanarahana. Etsy ankilan'izany anefa dia tsy mitsahatra ny mamoaka fanambarana fandavana ny fahamarinan'izany vaovao izany ny Daewoo Logistics.

Nohazavain'i Robert Koelher, mamaham-bolongana avy any Seoul ao amin'ny The Marmot’s Hole, ny andininy vitsivitsy toherin'ny orinasa Koerana Tatsimo ^[8]:

In another report ^[9], the Maeil Gyeongje said experts believe the FT report, with its provocative talk of “neo-colonialism” and “pirates,” was intended as a warning against an increased Asian presence in Africa, long considered Europe’s backyard. The piece did include a quote from a Daewoo Logistics official, however, who said Madagascar was quite sensitive about this issue because when China invests, it only goes after its own profits [..]
The JoongAng Ilbo, meanwhile, released editorial blasting the FT ^[10], asking why the paper was turning a blind eye to British Jatropha farms in Madagascar (used for biodiesel fuel) and French plantations on the island while going after a Korean company only. And besides, the land Daewoo is acquiring is undeveloped, the new farms will provide employment, and the Madagascar government will be taking a 30% cut of the farm profits in taxes.”

Niakatra ny hafanana teo amin'ny tontolom-bolongana malagasy nandre ity vaovao ity:

Fotoana fohy taorian'ny nilazan'ny Financial Times ny vaovao dia nampitain'ny vohikalan'ny Malagasy ampielezana Sobika ^[11] ny fifanarahana ^[12] ary nanentana ny mpamaky izy haneho hevitra. Over 100 Tao anatin'ny andro vitsy monja dia efa nihoatra ny 100 ny fanehoankevitra. Tamin'ny lahatsoratra manaraka ^[11] no noheverin'ny Sobika fa noho ny fahasosorana sy fahatezerana niroborobo tamin'ny aterineto no nahatonga ny orinasa handà ny fifanarahana.

Fa tsy niraisan'ny rehetra kosa anefa ilay fahatezerana. Nisy ny mpamaham-bolongana nilaza fa mety hahazoan'i Madagasikara tombotsoa io fifanarahana fampanofana tany io amin'ny alalan'ny fampitomboana ny vokatry ny tany. Aiky ao amin'ny bolongana iraisana Malagasy Miray no nanao hoe ^[13] [Mg]:

Ny tombontsoa indray kosa raha jerena amin’ny saina tsy miangatra dia :
– ny fanomezana asa ireo tantsaha eny ambanivohitra ka miteraka fidiram-bola maharitra ho azy ireo izany.
– ny fanajariana ireo tany izay tsy noeritreretina fa afaka ambolena na ihany koa tany ngazana ka rahatrizay vita ny fifanarahana izany hoe afaka zato taona dia mba ho moramora ho an’ireo taranaka fara aman-dimby ny hampiasa sy hamboly azy (raha tsy lasa fanan’olom-bitsy indray avy eo)
– raha misy fidiram-bola maharitra ireo tantsaha dia mety ho hita ihany koa ny fiatraikan’izany ka mahasoa ho an’ny manodidina na “effet d’entraînement”. […]
-Asa na tafiditra ao anaty fifanarahana fa mety hihatsara ihany koa ireo lalana sy tambanjotra misy any amin’ireo faritra.
– afaka mifehy ny fiakarana an-tanandehibe ny mpitondra raha misy asa eny ambanivohitra (maîtrise de l’exode rural)

Ao amin'ny The Cyber Observer, no mahavariana fa efa nahatsinjo ^[14] iray volana mialoha – tamin'ny volana oktobra – ity fisavorovoroana ity i Andrydago, mpahay lalàna sady mpamaham-bolongana eto Antananarivo, ny apetraky ny lalàna mikasika ny fiandrianam-pirenena amin'ny resaka tany sy ny fampiasam-bola ataon'ny vahiny. Tena mahavariana fa vao nahitsy mihitsy tamin'ity taona ity ny lalàna manamora ny fanaovana fifanarahana tahaka itony:

Recently, the new Malagasy investment law: act 2007-036 of January 14th, 2008, has brought a very key change concerning the possibility for foreigners to own their land in Madagascar. This law provided that foreign companies or foreign investors (individuals who have been granted with investor visa), can buy Malagasy land under the following conditions:

1. the land has to be used exclusively for professional exploitation. Any personal use and exploitation which is different from the nature of exploitation he “promised” to the Malagasy governement, are forbidden. If there is a breach of such condition, the governement can legally withdraw its title of land ownership;

2. the foreign company or investor has to submit its business plan (investment planning in Madagascar) to a public body named EDBM (Economic Development Board Madagascar). Such plan has to describe and detail its intended business and its pertaining investment in Madagascar;

3. the foreign company or investor has to apply for a formal approval named “authorization for land acquisition” before the EDBM in order to be allowed to purchase legally a Malagasy land. Such authorization if granted, gives to the foreign company or investor the same rights as for a Malagasy entity to purchase and to own land in Madagascar.